To Your Health: Croup
by Diana Koelliker, MD
Croup is an upper respiratory illness caused by a virus. The virus affects the tissue around the level of the vocal cords and causes swelling, which can lead to noisy breathing and a bark-like cough. It is typically seen in children ages 6 months to 5 years, although it is occasionally seen in older children. The illness is most prevalent in the fall and winter months, but can occur year round. Transmission of the illness is by respiratory droplets (coughing or sneezing) and/or direct contact. Most children with croup will have a hoarse voice, runny nose, fever and the characteristic bark-like or croupy cough. The illness usually lasts about 4-6 days with a peak of symptoms around the 2nd or 3rd day. In the majority of cases, the disease is mild and self-limited (meaning it gets better without any intervention).